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  1. Regulators
  2. /
  3. BMA
The Bermuda Monetary Authority official logo
Offshore

BMAThe Bermuda Monetary Authority

The Bermuda Monetary Authority (BMA) is Bermuda's single financial regulator, established by statute in 1969, licensing investment providers, digital asset businesses, banks, insurers and trust companies. A Bermuda investment licence covering contracts for difference in respect of retail leveraged products costs $25,000 to apply for and $100,000 a year. Client money must sit in a client bank account, held on trust, and is pooled pari passu if the firm defaults. Every licensed or registered firm appears on the BMA Regulated Entities search with its licence class and permitted activities, and the BMA states that settling a customer complaint on your behalf is not part of its mandate.

  • AboutReading now
  • Overview metrics
  • Advanced metrics
  • Performance
  • About & how to use
    • How to verify a licence
    • How to complain
    • Jurisdiction & scope
    • What is protected
    • Using this regulator
    • Good to know
  • Key insights & tips
    • Entries carry a registration number, activities and an expiry date
    • Protection comes from segregation, bonds and insurance, not a fund
    • Client money is held on trust and pooled pari passu on default
    • The firm's own service standards set your complaint clock
    • Conduct of business codes apply to three sectors so far
    • Minimum net assets are 250,000 for a principal
    • The test is business carried on in or from within Bermuda
    • Retail CFD activity costs 100,000 a year to keep licensed
    • 2 more
  • Documents examined
  • Licensed brokers
Report progress
Total sections8
Read1
AboutOverview metricsAdvanced metricsPerformanceAbout & how to use

About this information

The details on this page about The Bermuda Monetary Authority were compiled from the regulator’s own official documents, its website and other public sources, and are presented as neutral, factual guidance.

If you believe something here is inaccurate, or you spot a critical problem, please let us know via Contact us.

Country
Bermuda
Jurisdiction
Government Reg.
Established in
1969
License search is not available for this regulator
Forex Regulation

Performance Metrics

Regulator Performance Overview

50
Overall Rating
0
Licensed Brokers
Medium
Transparency Index
Tier 3
Global Tier
IOSCO Member
FATF Member

Overview

Key Performance Indicators

Total Rating

300

Total cumulative score across all categories
Average Rating

50

Average score across all performance metrics
Years Active

57

Years of regulatory operation
Active Licenses

0

Currently active licenses
Regulated Instruments

6

Types of financial instruments
Geographical Coverage

1

Countries under jurisdiction

Client Protection Details

Client Fund Insurance

Insurance coverage protecting client deposits and funds

✓
Status:none
Coverage: none

Account Managed Separately

Requirement for client funds to be held separately from company funds

✗
Status:

Operational Metrics

compliance
Transparency Level

Medium

market
Market Position

Tier 3

Compliance Status

IOSCO Membership
Member of International Organization of Securities Commissions
✓ Compliant
FATF Membership
Financial Action Task Force compliance
✓ Compliant

Advanced Metrics

Licensing Information

License Types
Types of licenses available from this regulator

Investment Business Licence

Cost to Obtain
Estimated costs for obtaining a license

USD 30000-50000

Regulatory Performance Scores

Detailed assessment of regulatory capabilities and effectiveness

Below Average
50SCORE
Overall Rating
0
Excellent
0
Excellence Rate
60
Highest Score

Regulatory Support Features

Negative Balance Protection
Not Supported
Investment Professional
Not Supported
Account Managed Separately
Not Supported

Core Performance Metrics

Detailed breakdown of the 6 key regulatory performance indicators

License Value

Value and prestige of licenses issued by this regulator

60
out of 100
Average

Performance Summary

This regulator shows below average performance with an overall score of 50.

Strongest performance in License Value

Transparency Level: medium

Global Tier: tier3

IOSCO Member
FATF Member
50
Overall
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About and how to use The Bermuda Monetary Authority

The Bermuda Monetary Authority (BMA) is Bermuda's single financial regulator, established by statute in 1969, licensing investment providers, digital asset businesses, banks, insurers and trust companies. A Bermuda investment licence covering contracts for difference in respect of retail leveraged products costs $25,000 to apply for and $100,000 a year. Client money must sit in a client bank account, held on trust, and is pooled pari passu if the firm defaults. Every licensed or registered firm appears on the BMA Regulated Entities search with its licence class and permitted activities, and the BMA states that settling a customer complaint on your behalf is not part of its mandate.

How to verify a licence

Use the BMA Regulated Entities search at https://www.bma.bm/regulated-entities. The page states it searches entities that are currently licensed or registered by the Bermuda Monetary Authority. Type the full name or part of the name of the firm, pick the sector from the drop-down (the investment options are separate: Investment Business: Licensed Entities, Class A Registered Persons, Class B Registered Persons and Recognised Investment Exchange), then click the magnifying glass or press Enter. A result shows the company name, sector, principal and registered address, and a details block with the License/Registration Type, the Registration Number, the License Effective Date and, for digital asset Class M and Class T licences, a License Expiry Date plus the allowed business activities. Match the sector and licence class to what the firm claims: a Class A or Class B Registered Person is listed under a different sector heading from a licensed investment entity, and a Class T digital asset licence is a pilot or beta testing licence with an end date.

How to complain

Complain to the firm first. The BMA requires licensed businesses to have a formal complaints procedure, and its complaint page sets three steps before the BMA will look at anything: submit the complaint to the licensed business under its own procedure, wait for the allotted time period the firm has published in its service standards, then make one further contact with the firm. After that a client files an Unresolved Complaint Report at https://www.bma.bm/file-a-complaint, attaching written records of the correspondence (up to 10 files, each no larger than 5 MB, in .doc, .docx or .pdf). The BMA states that settling a complaint on a customer's behalf is not part of its mandate, and that it may share the report with the licensed business while investigating compliance. The deadline is therefore set by the firm's own published service standards rather than a fixed BMA calendar limit.

Jurisdiction and scope

The licences cover business carried on in or from within Bermuda. Under the Digital Asset Business Act 2018 a person may not carry on digital asset business in or from within Bermuda without a licence in one of the classes in section 12(3), and doing so is an offence carrying a fine of $50,000 on summary conviction or $250,000 on conviction on indictment. Investment business is licensed under the Investment Business Act 2003, whose client money rules apply to money an investment provider receives or holds whether in Bermuda or elsewhere in respect of an investment agreement. The BMA's conduct of business codes currently apply to the banking, domestic insurance and digital asset business sectors.

What is protected

Protection runs through segregation and trust, not through a payout fund. An investment provider must pay all client money into a client bank account with an approved bank, keep it separate from its own money, and hold it on trust; if a pooling event occurs, the money in all client bank accounts is pooled and made available to meet client claims pari passu. Each client's balance must be calculated daily and reconciled with the bank at least monthly, within 10 days of the reconciliation date, with records kept for at least 5 years. Two limits matter. Money held for a sophisticated person is not client money where that person has been warned in writing that the protections do not apply and has consented, and the BMA has consented. Digital asset licensees fall under a different rule: they must maintain a surety bond, trust account or indemnity insurance acceptable to the BMA, and client digital assets in custody are not property of the licensee and are not subject to the claims of its creditors.

Using this regulator

Look up the firm on the Regulated Entities search before funding an account, and read the licence class and allowed activities rather than the fact of a listing. If the firm offers contracts for difference to retail clients, the fee schedule shows a distinct licence line for that activity, so the sector and licence type on the register should match what is being sold. Expect a contract note not later than one day after each transaction and a portfolio statement each quarter from an investment provider. Keep dated written records of every exchange with the firm, because the Unresolved Complaint Report asks for them.

Good to know

Nine fee schedules supplied in the corpus (2016 to 2024) and the Bermuda Monetary Authority Amendment No. 3 Act 2018 were not included in the text handed to this reading, so no figure is quoted from them. Internet Archive copies of eight prior documents could not be downloaded (connection refused), so no archived version was read. The fee figures quoted here come from the 2026 and 2025 schedules on cdn.bma.bm, read this run in the browser by decompressing the PDF text streams because a plain fetch returned binary; whitespace in those quotations is normalised, the wording and figures are not. The Digital Asset Business Act 2018 and the Digital Asset Business (Cyber Risk) Rules 2023 were supplied with poor text extraction; the Act was re-read this run in the browser from the same official PDF and only that reading is quoted, and the Cyber Risk Rules are not quoted at all. No official BMA document establishing an investor compensation or deposit guarantee scheme for clients of investment providers was located, so no compensation cap is stated. No official BMA page stating IOSCO membership was read, so that field is left out.

Key insights and tips

Check a firm on the BMA Regulated Entities search

Key

A firm claiming a Bermuda licence should appear here under the sector it says it is licensed in. If the name returns nothing, or a different sector or licence class from the one advertised, settle that before funding an account.

The BMA publishes one search at https://www.bma.bm/regulated-entities covering entities that are currently licensed or registered by it. You type the full name or part of the name, choose a sector from the drop-down, then press Enter or click the magnifying glass.

Search here for entities (entitlements) that are currently licensed or registered by the Bermuda Monetary Authority.
Quoted in Regulated Entities, Regulated EntitiesRead the source
In the textbox, type the full name, or part of the name, of the entity you wish to find. Choose the appropriate sector from the drop-down box, or choose "All" to search for the entity in all sectors. Click the magnifying glass or hit the Enter / Return key on your keyboard.
Quoted in Regulated Entities, How To SearchRead the source

Official documents examined

  • Official document2018 Bermuda Monetary Authority Fees
    Version 2019.01.01Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • Official document2017 Bermuda Monetary Authority Fees
    Version 2019.01.01Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • Official document2016 BMA Annual Fees
    Version 2019.01.01Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • Official documentNotice BMA Provides Companies with Online Payment Ability
Not Supported

Negative Balance Protection

Protection against negative account balances in trading

✗
Status:Not Supported

Investment Professional Support

Access to qualified investment professionals and advisory services

✗
Status:Not Available
regulatory
Regulatory Approach

Government-regulated

Coverage
Prohibited Countries

North Korea - UN-sanctioned countries

Fund Insurance
Client fund protection schemes available
✓ Compliant
Account Managed Separately
Mandatory client account segregation
✗ Not Available

Geographic Coverage

Primary Jurisdiction
Main regulatory jurisdiction and headquarters

Bermuda

Coverage Area
Geographic areas where this regulator has jurisdiction

Most countries worldwide (exceptions apply)

Prohibited Countries
Countries where regulatory activities are prohibited

North Korea - UN-sanctioned countries

Regulatory Features

Business Models Permitted
Types of business models allowed under this regulator

Retail Agency (STP); Market Maker (Principal); Provide Liquidity (PoP)

Public License Lookup
Availability of public license verification system

Online portal available

Complaint Mechanism
Process for filing complaints against regulated entities

BMA Complaints FSC Complaints

Trading Information

Highest Leverage
Maximum leverage ratio permitted by this regulator

1:496

Regulated Financial Instruments
Financial instruments authorized for trading under this regulatory framework

6 instruments

Available Instruments:
ForexBondStocksFund+2 more
Trading Limits
Restrictions and limits imposed on trading activities

Contact regulator for details

International Memberships

IOSCO Membership

International Organization of Securities Commissions

Member

Member of the global body that brings together the world's securities regulators

Benefits:

Access to international regulatory standards, cooperation frameworks, and best practices

FATF Membership

Financial Action Task Force

Member

Member of the inter-governmental body that sets standards for combating money laundering

Benefits:

Commitment to international standards for anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing

0
Above Average
Regulatory

Effectiveness of regulatory framework and enforcement

60
out of 100
Average
Institutional

Institutional strength and organizational capability

60
out of 100
Average
Risk Management

Risk assessment and management protocols

60
out of 100
Average
Investment Protection

Investor protection measures and safeguards

60
out of 100
Average
Client Fund Insurance Rating

Client fund protection and insurance coverage

0
out of 100
Needs Improvement
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  • public register
  • license verification
  • retail clients

Retail CFD licence costs 25,000 to apply, 100,000 yearly

Key

BMD 1000002026 fee schedule, Investment Business Act 2003, items 2A and 3(ca)

This is the price a firm pays to offer retail CFDs from Bermuda, about nine times the highest ordinary investment business annual fee. A firm advertising retail CFDs should appear on the register as a licensed investment entity, not as a registered person paying the $850 line.

The 2026 fee schedule sets a separate line for retail leveraged products: $25,000 to apply for a licence under section 16 of the Investment Business Act 2003 to engage in investment activities relating to contracts for difference in respect of retail leveraged products, and an annual fee of $100,000 for carrying on that activity.

2A Applying for a licence pursuant to section 16 to engage in investment activities relating to contracts for difference in respect of retail leveraged products $25,000
Clause Investment Business Act 2003, 2A in 2026 Bermuda Monetary Authority Fees, p.25Read the source
(ca) where an investment provider carries on investment activities relating to contracts for difference in respect of retail leveraged products $100,000
Clause Investment Business Act 2003, 3(ca) in 2026 Bermuda Monetary Authority Fees, p.26Read the source
  • retail clients
  • cfd
  • licence fee
  • cost to obtain

Complain to the firm first, then file an unresolved report

Key

The clock is set by the firm's own published service standards rather than a fixed BMA deadline, so find that timeframe in the firm's complaints policy and keep dated written records. The BMA uses the report as supervisory information and will not recover money for you.

The BMA takes complaints only after three steps: submit it to the licensed business under its own procedure, wait for the period the firm has published in its service standards, then make one last contact with the firm. The BMA states that settling a complaint on a customer's behalf is not part of its mandate.

Wait for the allotted time period that the licensed business has stated it will need to investigate your complaint as published in its service standards; and
Quoted in File An Unresolved Complaint Report With The BMA, ReminderRead the source
In determining compliance with the applicable codes and legislation, the BMA may consider information from a variety of sources, including Unresolved Complaint Reports. Please note that it is not in the BMA’s mandate to settle any complaint you have made with a licensed business on your behalf.
Quoted in Understanding BMA's Conduct Of Business Regulations, The BMA's role in customer protectionRead the source
The BMA requires licensed businesses to have a formal complaints procedure in place. This includes ensuring that licensed businesses acknowledge your complaint and address it according to their complaints procedures.
Quoted in Understanding BMA's Conduct Of Business Regulations, How to make a complaint with a licensed Read the source
  • retail clients
  • complaint deadline
  • complaints

Client money sits in trust and is pooled pari passu

Key

This decides what happens to your balance if the firm fails: you rank alongside other clients in a shared pool rather than behind the firm's general creditors, and any shortfall in that pool is shared proportionately.

An investment provider must pay all client money into a client bank account and keep it separate from its own money. Client money is held on trust, and where a pooling event occurs the money in all the provider's client bank accounts is pooled and made available to meet client claims on a pari passu basis.

An investment provider shall pay all client money which it holds or receives into a client bank account. Client money and money belonging to the investment provider must be kept separate from one another.
Clause 7(1) and 7(2) in Investment Business (Client Money) Regulations 2004, p.7Read the source
Save as described in this regulation, where a pooling event occurs, money held in all the investment provider’s client bank accounts is pooled, and must be made available to meet the claims of clients in respect of whom client money is or should be held in those accounts on a pari passu basis.
Clause 14(1) in Investment Business (Client Money) Regulations 2004, p.9Read the source
  • client money
  • segregation
  • insolvency

Digital asset licensees need a bond, trust account or insurance

Key

For a digital asset firm this stands in place of segregated bank accounts, and the form and amount are set case by case rather than fixed in the Act. Ask which of the three arrangements the firm holds and who benefits from it.

Section 18 of the Digital Asset Business Act 2018 requires a licensed undertaking holding client assets to maintain a surety bond or trust account, or indemnity insurance for the benefit of its client, in a form and amount acceptable to the BMA. Client digital assets in custody are not property of the licensee and are not subject to the claims of its creditors.

A licensed undertaking holding client assets shall maintain a surety bond or trust account, or indemnity insurance for the benefit of its client in such form and amount as is acceptable to the Authority for the protection of its clients or such other arrangements as the Authority may approve.
Clause 18(1) in Digital Asset Business Act 2018, p.20Read the source
not property or digital assets of the licensed undertaking; and not subject to the claims of creditors of the licensed undertaking.
Clause 18(4)(b) and 18(4)(c) in Digital Asset Business Act 2018, p.20Read the source
  • segregation
  • digital assets
  • insolvency
  • client assets

Conduct codes cover banking, domestic insurance and digital assets

Key

3Conduct of Business page, Overview

The fair treatment, disclosure and complaint handling requirements a trader would look for sit in those sector codes. An investment business licensee is supervised under the Investment Business Act 2003 and its rules, a different set of obligations.

The BMA's customer protection mandate was added in August 2022 and has been implemented through conduct of business principles in the codes for three sectors: banking, domestic insurance and digital asset business. The BMA states that codes for other sectors are expected to be expanded in future to include conduct principles.

We began implementing this new mandate by incorporating conduct of business principles into existing and newly published codes of conduct (codes) for the banking, domestic insurance and digital asset business sectors.
Quoted in Understanding BMA's Conduct Of Business Regulations, OverviewRead the source
It is expected that the codes for other sectors, beyond banking, domestic insurance and digital asset businesses, will also be expanded upon in the future to include conduct principles.
Quoted in Understanding BMA's Conduct Of Business Regulations, OverviewRead the source
  • retail clients
  • scope of authorisation
  • conduct of business

The registerEntries carry a registration number, activities and an expiry date

For digital asset firms the Act requires the BMA to publish the class of licence, the activity approved and the expiration date of Class M and Class T licences. Read the allowed business activities list against what the firm actually offers you.

Register shows licence class, activities and expiry date

Useful

The allowed activities and the expiry date tell you what a firm may actually do and until when. A digital asset firm can hold a licence with an end date, which the fact of being listed does not show.

Section 15(2) of the Digital Asset Business Act 2018 requires the BMA to publish a list of all licensed undertakings, the class of licence approved, the digital asset business activity to be carried on and the expiration date of a Class M or Class T licence. The register shows those fields together with a registration number and a licence effective date.

The Authority shall publish on its website the following information in relation to licenced undertakings
Clause 15(2) in Digital Asset Business Act 2018, p.18Read the source
the class of licence approved; the digital asset business activity to be carried on under the approved licence; and the expiration date of a licence issued with respect to Class M or Class T licences;
Clause 15(2)(b) in Digital Asset Business Act 2018, p.18Read the source
  • public register
  • scope of authorisation
  • digital assets

Investor protectionProtection comes from segregation, bonds and insurance, not a fund

Client money protection can be set aside for a sophisticated person who consents in writing, with the BMA's agreement. Digital asset licensees instead hold a surety bond, trust account or indemnity insurance acceptable to the BMA, and client assets in custody sit outside the reach of the firm's creditors.

Sophisticated persons can be taken outside client money rules

Key

BMD 5000000Investment Business (Client Money) Regulations 2004, regulation 6

If you are classified as a sophisticated person and sign the consent, your money can sit unsegregated and be used by the firm. Check which classification the account paperwork applies to you.

Money held for a sophisticated person is not client money where the provider has given a clear written warning that the protections do not apply and that the money may be used in the course of its business, the person has consented in writing, and the BMA has consented. A body corporate with total assets of not less than five million dollars is one of the classes of sophisticated person.

his money will not be subject to the protections conferred by these Regulations; as a consequence his money will not be segregated from the money of the investment provider, and may be used by the investment provider in the course of its business; and the sophisticated person has given his written consent to the treatment of his money by the investment provider outside the Regulations; and the Authority has consented to the money being so treated.
Clause 6(1)(b) in Investment Business (Client Money) Regulations 2004, p.5Read the source
bodies corporate, each of which has total assets of not less than five million dollars, where such assets are held solely by the body corporate or held partly by the body corporate and partly by one or more members of a group of which it is a member;
Clause 6(4)(e) in Investment Business (Client Money) Regulations 2004, p.6Read the source
  • client money
  • segregation
  • professional clients

Contract note within one day, statement each quarter

Useful

1 daysInvestment Business Regulations 2004, regulations 6 and 7

These are the documents that let you check fills, charges and conversion rates against your own records, and they are required by regulation rather than by the firm's goodwill.

An investment provider must give each client a contract note not later than one day after each transaction, showing the unit price, the fees and commissions charged, the settlement date and any exchange rate used. The first portfolio statement is due within six months of the account opening, then quarterly.

Except as provided in paragraph (2), an investment provider shall provide each client with a contract note containing the particulars specified in paragraph (3) not later than one day following the date of each transaction effected and carried out by the investment provider
Clause 6(1) in Investment Business Regulations 2004, p.2Read the source
An investment provider shall provide the first portfolio statement within a period of six months beginning with the date of the opening of the client’s account, and thereafter shall provide a quarterly statement unless otherwise requested by, and agreed to in writing, with the client.
Clause 7(2) in Investment Business Regulations 2004, p.3Read the source

Client moneyClient money is held on trust and pooled pari passu on default

All client money goes into a client bank account with an approved bank, separate from the firm's own money, held on trust. Each client's balance is calculated daily, reconciled at least monthly within 10 days, and the records kept for 5 years.

Client balances calculated daily, reconciled within 10 days

Useful

10 daysInvestment Business (Client Money) Regulations 2004, regulations 17, 18 and 19

This is the control that catches one client's money funding another's position, and the rules require the firm to pay in the shortfall itself. The 5-year record period sets how far back a firm should be able to reconstruct your account.

The credit standing to the account of each client must be calculated each day and money belonging to one client must not be used for another. Reconciliations must be performed at least monthly and completed within 10 days of the date they relate to, with client bank account records kept for at least 5 years.

the credit standing to the account of each client is calculated each day; and money belonging to one client is not used for another client.
Clause 17(1)(c) and 17(1)(d) in Investment Business (Client Money) Regulations 2004, p.11Read the source
The reconciliation referred to in paragraph (1) must be performed within 10 days of the date to which the reconciliation relates, and any differences must be corrected forthwith unless they arise as a result of differences in timing between the accounting and settlement systems of the investment provider and the approved bank.
Clause 18(2) in Investment Business (Client Money) Regulations 2004, p.11Read the source
An investment provider must retain accounting records in relation to each client bank account for at least 5 years from the date of the transaction to which it relates.
Clause 19 in Investment Business (Client Money) Regulations 2004, p.11Read the source
  • client money
  • reconciliation
  • recordkeeping

ComplaintsThe firm's own service standards set your complaint clock

Three steps come before the BMA: complain to the firm, wait the period published in its service standards, then contact it once more. Only then do you file an Unresolved Complaint Report, and the BMA states that settling the complaint on your behalf is not part of its mandate.

Firms have 28 days to appeal a BMA decision

Context

28 daysInvestment Business Appeal Tribunal Regulations 2004, regulation 3

A licence revocation is not necessarily final on the day it is announced. Knowing the window explains why a register entry may change or why enforcement news can be followed by a tribunal outcome.

An investment provider appeals a BMA decision to the Investment Business Appeal Tribunal by notice to the secretary at the Ministry of Finance, within 28 days of the decision notice in the general case, and within 10 days where the decision is to revoke a licence.

in the case of an appeal against a decision of the Authority (or any finding relating thereto) to revoke a licence, 10 days from the date on which the Authority gives a decision notice to the appellant; or
Clause 3(a) in Investment Business Appeal Tribunal Regulations 2004, p.2Read the source
in any other case, 28 days from the date on which the Authority gives a decision notice to the appellant.
Clause 3(c) in Investment Business Appeal Tribunal Regulations 2004, p.2Read the source
  • complaint deadline
  • enforcement
  • appeals

What the licence coversConduct of business codes apply to three sectors so far

Banking, domestic insurance and digital asset business are the three sectors whose codes carry the conduct principles, and the BMA says codes for other sectors are expected to be expanded in future. A Class T digital asset licence covers pilot or beta testing and must be declared on the firm's website.

A Class T digital asset licence is for pilot or beta testing

Useful

Class T is a test permission with an expiry date on the register, not the same standing as a Class F licence. The website statement is a check that takes seconds.

A Class T licensee does not have to display its licence at a principal place of business in Bermuda, and must instead publish a statement on its website for the duration of the licence saying it holds a class T licence to carry out pilot or beta testing in relation to the digital asset business activity.

publish a statement on its website for the duration of its licence, that it has a been issued a class T licence by the Authority to carry out pilot or beta testing in relation to the digital asset business activity.
Clause 15(1A)(b) in Digital Asset Business Act 2018, p.18Read the source
1. Application fees pursuant to section 12 (a) Class F licence or Class M licence $2,266
Clause Digital Assets Business Act 2018, 1 in 2026 Bermuda Monetary Authority Fees, p.5Read the source
  • public register
  • scope of authorisation
  • digital assets

Getting licensedMinimum net assets are 250,000 for a principal

A licensed investment provider acting as principal must hold at least $250,000 in net assets, $100,000 as an agent, and liquid assets worth three months of annual expenditure. The BMA may set a higher figure where the firm intends to offer margin or other lending facilities.

Minimum net assets are 250,000 for a principal

Useful

BMD 250000Capital, Net Assets and Liquidity Rules 2022, rules 3, 5 and 7

This is the floor of financial substance behind a Bermuda investment licence. The BMA can set a higher threshold, and the rules list an intention to offer margin or other lending facilities among the reasons it may do so.

An investment provider with a standard or test licence is regarded as prudent if it maintains minimum net assets of $250,000 as a principal, $100,000 as an agent, or $12,000 if it is neither. A provider acting as principal or agent must also hold liquid assets equal to three months of its annual expenditure.

$100,000 in the case of an investment provider who is an agent; $250,000 in the case of an investment provider who is a principal; $12,000 in the case of an investment provider who is neither an agent nor a principal.
Clause 3(2) in Investment Business (Prudential Standards) (Standard Licences, Test Licences, and Class A Registered Persons) (Capital, Net Assets and Liquidity) Rules 2022, p.2Read the source
an investment provider acts as a principal or an agent, liquid assets required to be maintained shall be the equivalent of three months of the investment provider’s annual expenditure;
Clause 7(2)(a) in Investment Business (Prudential Standards) (Standard Licences, Test Licences, and Class A Registered Persons) (Capital, Net Assets and Liquidity) Rules 2022, p.3Read the source
  • licensing requirements
  • capital
  • liquidity

TerritoryThe test is business carried on in or from within Bermuda

Unlicensed digital asset business in or from within Bermuda carries a fine of $50,000 on summary conviction and $250,000 on indictment. The client money rules reach money an investment provider holds whether in Bermuda or elsewhere.

Digital asset business in or from Bermuda needs a licence

Useful

BMD 250000Digital Asset Business Act 2018, section 10

The test is where the business is carried on, not where the client sits, so a firm serving you from Bermuda needs a Bermuda licence even if you are elsewhere.

A person may not carry on digital asset business in or from within Bermuda unless licensed in one of the classes in section 12(3). Contravening that section is an offence carrying a fine of $50,000 on summary conviction or $250,000 on conviction on indictment, with imprisonment of up to five years.

Subject to section 11, a person shall not carry on digital asset business in or from within Bermuda unless that person is for the time being a licensed undertaking in one of the classes specified in section 12(3).
Clause 10(1) in Digital Asset Business Act 2018, p.15Read the source
on summary conviction, to a fine of $50,000 or to imprisonment for one year or to both such fine and imprisonment; on conviction on indictment, to a fine of $250,000 or to imprisonment for five years or to both such fine and imprisonment.
Clause 10(3) in Digital Asset Business Act 2018, p.15Read the source
  • enforcement
  • digital assets
  • jurisdiction

Licence costRetail CFD activity costs 100,000 a year to keep licensed

The 2026 fee schedule charges $25,000 to apply and $100,000 a year for investment activities relating to contracts for difference in respect of retail leveraged products. An ordinary investment licence costs $2,840 to apply for, with annual fees of $2,710 to $13,560 and $850 for a registered person.

Ordinary investment licence fees run 2,840 to 13,560

Useful

BMD 28402026 fee schedule, Investment Business Act 2003, items 2(c) and 3(c)

The annual fee band tells you which permission a firm holds. The $13,560 line is the one that goes with being licensed to hold client assets, which is the permission that matters if your money sits with the firm.

Applying for an investment business licence under section 16(1) costs $2,840. The annual fee is $2,710 for most single activities, $6,780 where the provider is not licensed to hold client assets, and $13,560 where it is licensed to hold client assets. Annual fees are due on or before 31 March.

(c) for a licence pursuant to section 16(1) $2,840
Clause Investment Business Act 2003, 2(c) in 2026 Bermuda Monetary Authority Fees, p.25Read the source
(c) where the investment provider licensed pursuant to section 17(1) carries on an investment activity of a kind specified in Part 2 of the First Schedule to the Act and is licensed to hold client assets $13,560
Clause Investment Business Act 2003, 3(c) in 2026 Bermuda Monetary Authority Fees, p.26Read the source
Investment Business Act 2003 Annual fees in respect of (3) and (4) above are due on or before 31st March in every year.
Clause Investment Business Act 2003 in 2026 Bermuda Monetary Authority Fees, p.25Read the source
  • licence fee
  • cost to obtain
  • client assets

Defined termsYou are a retail client unless you are a sophisticated private investor

The statutory returns rules define retail client by exclusion, so an individual is retail by default. Firms doing CFD business with retail clients file a supplementary quarterly form on that activity.

Retail client means anyone not a sophisticated private investor

Useful

The definition works by exclusion, so an individual is retail by default. It also means the BMA receives quarterly data specifically on CFD business with retail clients.

In the statutory returns rules, retail client means any individual client of an investment provider that is not a sophisticated private investor as defined in section 9(3) of the Investment Funds Act 2006. A provider carrying on CFD business with retail clients must also file a supplementary quarterly reporting form for that activity.

“retail client” means any individual client of an investment provider that is not a sophisticated private investor as defined in section 9(3) of the Investment Funds Act 2006.
Clause 2 in Investment Business (Prudential Standards) (Statutory Returns) Rules 2022, p.1Read the source
the information required under Schedule III (“Supplementary Quarterly Reporting Form: Contracts for Differences with Retail Clients”) as of the date the quarterly return is filed;
Clause 5(a) in Investment Business (Prudential Standards) (Statutory Returns) Rules 2022, p.2Read the source
  • retail clients
  • cfd
  • definitions
  • reporting

Digital asset disclosureThirty days notice is required before material terms change

Material changes to your terms need at least thirty days prior notice.

Digital asset firms must disclose licence class and insurance

Useful

30 daysDigital Asset Business (Client Disclosure) Rules 2018, rule 3(3)

Irrevocability decides whether a mistaken transfer can be reversed.

Material changes to terms need not less than thirty days prior notice.

whether the licensed undertaking has obtained insurance such as cyber or any other theft coverage to address losses which may arise as a result of the provision of any service or product the licensed undertaking may offer, and provision of related information including the beneficiary of this insurance coverage;
Clause 3(3)(d) in Digital Asset Business (Client Disclosure) Rules 2018, p.1Read the source
the requirement for the client to receive not less than thirty days prior notice of material change to the terms and conditions of any services provided by the licensed undertaking, which includes amendment to policies applicable to the client’s account;
Clause 3(3)(g)(vi) in Digital Asset Business (Client Disclosure) Rules 2018, p.1Read the source
  • retail clients
  • digital assets
  • disclosure

The BMA was established by statute in 1969

Context

One authority covers every regulated financial sector in Bermuda, so the sector heading on the register is what distinguishes an investment licence from an insurance or money service registration.

The BMA states on its own About Us page that it was established by statute in 1969, and it supervises banks, trust companies, investment businesses, investment funds, fund administrators, digital asset businesses, money service businesses, corporate service providers and insurance companies.

The Authority was established by statute in 1969.
Quoted in Vision and Mission, About UsRead the source
  • scope of authorisation
  • background
Version 2019.01.01
Fetched Aug 28, 2026
View source
  • Official document2019 Bermuda Monetary Authority Fees
    Version 2020.01.29Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • Official document2020 Bermuda Monetary Authority Fees
    Version 2020.06.29Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • Official document2021 Bermuda Monetary Authority Fees
    Version 2021.01.27Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • Official document2022 Bermuda Monetary Authority Fees
    Version 2022.01.20Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • Official document2023 Bermuda Monetary Authority Fees
    Version 2023.01.13Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • Official documentBermuda Monetary Authority Amendment No. 3 Act 2018
    Version 2023.11.09Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • RulebookBermuda Monetary Authority (Financial Institutions) (Control) Regulations 1994
    Version 2023.11.09Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • RulebookDigital Asset Business (Client Disclosure) Rules 2018
    Version 2023.11.14Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • RulebookInvestment Business (Client Money) Regulations 2004
    Version 2023.11.14Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • Licensing requirementsInvestment Business (Prudential Standards) (Standard Licences, Test Licences, and Class A Registered Persons) (Capital, Net Assets and Liquidity) Rules 2022
    Version 2023.11.14Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • RulebookInvestment Business (Prudential Standards) (Statutory Returns) Rules 2022
    Version 2023.11.14Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • RulebookInvestment Business (Reporting Accountants) (Facts and Matters of Material Significance) Regulations 2006
    Version 2023.11.14Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • RulebookInvestment Business Appeal Tribunal Regulations 2004
    Version 2023.11.14Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • RulebookInvestment Business Regulations 2004
    Version 2023.11.14Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • RulebookBermuda Monetary Authority (Financial Institutions) (Control) Regulations 1994
    Version 2023.11.14Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • Official document2024 Bermuda Monetary Authority Fees
    Version 2024.01.26Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • RulebookDigital Asset Business Cyber Risk Rules 2023
    Version 2024.02.22Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • Official documentDigital Asset Business Act 2018
    Version 2024.07.18Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • Fee schedule2026 Bermuda Monetary Authority Fees
    Version 2026Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • Public registerRegulated Entities
    Version 2026Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • GuidanceUnderstanding BMA's Conduct Of Business Regulations
    Version 2026Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • Complaints procedureFile An Unresolved Complaint Report With The BMA
    Version 2026Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • Consumer noticeVision and Mission
    Version 2026Fetched Aug 28, 2026View source
  • Last reviewed Aug 28, 2026

    • retail clients
    • disclosure
    • client reporting

    About The Bermuda Monetary Authority

    Introduction to the Dubai Financial Services Authority (DFSA)

    The Dubai Financial Services Authority (DFSA) is the independent regulatory authority overseeing financial services conducted within or from the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC), a specialized financial free zone in Dubai, UAE. Established to maintain high international standards, the DFSA ensures a transparent, secure, and robust regulatory framework for financial operations within this global business hub.

    Key Responsibilities of the DFSA

    The DFSA’s regulatory mandate spans a wide range of financial services, including:

    Official Description

    Contact Information

    website icon

    Main Site

    https://www.bma.bm/
    hotline number

    Hotline

    (441) 295 5278
    at icon

    Email

    P.O. Box 2447 Hamilton HM JX Bermuda
    website icon

    Website

    https://www.gov.bm/department/consumer-a...

    Instruments and Trading Limits

    Regulated financial instruments

    Forex, Bond, Stocks, Fund, Derivatives, Securities

    Licensed Brokers

    Brokers authorized and regulated by this authority

    5 Licensed Brokers
    View All Licensed Brokers
    IG logo

    IG

    IG Group Limited

    69.5
    Regulated
    United Kingdom
    Est. 1974
    ASIC
    Performance Metrics (4 factors)
    Regulation
    94
    License
    88
    CMC Markets logo

    CMC Markets

    CMC Markets Singapore Pte. Ltd

    64.9
    Regulated
    Singapore
    Est. 2006
    FCA
    Performance Metrics (4 factors)
    Regulation
    87
    License
    93
    capital logo

    capital

    Capital Com Online Investments Ltd

    64.7
    Regulated
    Bahamas
    Est. 2016
    ASIC
    Performance Metrics (4 factors)
    Regulation
    78
    License
    80
    BTGPactual logo

    BTGPactual

    61.3
    Regulated
    Brazil
    Est. 1983
    FINRA
    Performance Metrics (3 factors)
    Regulation
    92
    License
    83
    Fintrix Markets logo

    Fintrix Markets

    Fintrix Markets Ltd

    33.7
    Offshore
    Mauritius
    Est. 2025
    BMA
    Performance Metrics (4 factors)
    Regulation
    4
    License
    44
    Software
    51
    Account Type
    45
    1:400
    2 Platforms
    Regulated in:
    Australia flagAustraliaUnited Kingdom flagUnited KingdomJapan flagJapan+7 more licenses
    View Details
    Software
    52
    Account Type
    27
    1:50
    3 Platforms
    Regulated in:
    United Kingdom flagUnited KingdomNew Zealand flagNew ZealandCanada flagCanada+2 more licenses
    View Details
    Software
    51
    Account Type
    50
    1:300
    2 Platforms
    Regulated in:
    Australia flagAustraliaCyprus flagCyprusUnited Kingdom flagUnited Kingdom+3 more licenses
    View Details
    Account Type
    9
    Software
    N/A
    Maximum Leverage: N/A
    Platforms: N/A
    Regulated in:
    United States flagUnited StatesUnited Kingdom flagUnited KingdomChile flagChile+5 more licenses
    View Details
    Software
    51
    Account Type
    36
    1:1000
    2 Platforms
    Mauritius flagMauritius
    View Details